Scholastic Diversity: Theology

Articles

Contextual Theologies

Historical Timeline

c. 551 BCE

Confuscious

c. 624-470 BCE

Pre-Socratics

c. 428/427 or 424/423 BCE

Plato

c. 384 BCE

Aristotle

c. 334 BCE-121 CE

Stoics

c. 90 BCE to 3rd Century CE

Middle Platonism: Philo of Alexandria, Plutarch of Chaeronea

c. 100-451 CE

Patristics: Justin Martyr, Athanasius of Alexandria, Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, John Crysostom, Cyril of Alexandria, Maximus the Confessor, Tertullian, Cyprian, Jerome, Ambrose of Milan, Augustine of Hippo, Gregory the Great

c. 200 CE

Mishnah, compiled by Judah HaNasi

c. 200-400 CE

Jerusalem Talmud (Yerushalmi)

c. 200-600 CE

Babylonian Talmud (Bavli)

c. 204-1501 CE

Neoplatonists: Plotinus, Aedesia, Avempace, Solomon ben Judah (Avicebrol), Anselm, Rabbi Moses ben Jacob ibn Ezra (Ha-Sallaḥ), Abraham Ibn Ezra (Abenezra), St. Bernard of Clairvaux, Hildegard of Bingen

c. 1075 CE

Judah HaLevi

c. 1037-1126 CE

Muslim or Persian Aristotelians: Avicenna (Ibn Sina), Averroes (Ibn Rushd)

c. 1100-1266 CE

Aristotelian Scholastics: Héloïse d'Argenteuil, Peter Abelard, Peter Lombard, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus

c. 1138-1288 CE

Jewish Aristotelians: Maimonides, David Kimhi (Radak), Levi ben Gershon (Gersonides or Ralbag)

c. 1170-1180 CE

Mishneh Torah, written by Maimonides.

c. 1194 CE

Nachmanides (Anti-Aristotle).

1517 CE

Martin Luther posts his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg. This begins the protestant reformation, which includes theologians: Luther, Huldrych Zwingli, and Calvin.

c. 1685-1808 CE

Protestant Scholastics: Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, Friedrich Schleiermacher, David Strauss

c. 1729-1810 CE

Maskilim (Jewish Enlightenment): Moses Mendelssohn, Nahman Krochmal, Samson Raphael Hirsch, Abraham Geiger (founder of Reform Judaism)

c. 1842 CE

Hermann Cohen, founder of neo-Kantianism. Teacher of Franz Rosenzweig, and influences Martin Buber.

c. 1813-1889 CE

Existentialism: Søren Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger

1878 CE

Martin Buber

c. 1886-1892 CE

Neo-Orthodoxy / Dialectical Theology: Karl Barth, Rudolf Bultmann, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Reinhold Niebuhr

1907 CE

Abraham Joshua Heschel

1929 CE

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.